granulosus genotypes ( Craig et al., 2007 Moazeni-Bistgani, Taghipoor et al., 2013 Siles ‐Lucas & Gottstein, 2001). granulosus populations, their host diversity, and public health importance would emphasize the molecular discernment of E. Alterations in the genetic variants of E. Polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) is a verified molecular diagnostic for genotype detection, based on sequence-specific endonucleases (Bowles & Mcmanus, 1993 Dousti et al., 2013 Mcmanus, 2002). So far, many molecular tests have been used to discern the genotypic characteristics of E. G1 is the most eminent and exclusive cause of human and animal infection, cycling between dogs and sheep in vast pastoral lands globally however, phylogenetic evidence demonstrate that other animals such as goat, cattle, and camel, also, act as minor intermediate hosts for this genotype ( Lymbery, 2017). canadensis and the latter species, as recognized here, shows the highest diversity and is composed of the ‘camel strain’, G6, the ‘pig strain’, G7,and two ‘cervid strains’, G8 and G10 ( Kinkar et al., 2017 Moazeni-Bistgani et al., 2013). felidis (the former ‘lion strain’), E.equinus (the ‘horse strain’, G4), E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1-3 complex) are the most frequently implicated genotypes in human infections. granulosus sensu lato is currently divided into genotypes G1– G10 of which E. Although rare, aberrant human infections may occur via accidental ingestion of parasite eggs shed in dog feces in communities with poor sanitation practices ( Rokni, 2009 Torgerson et al., 2002).įrom phenotypic characters and gene sequences standpoint, E. In this regard, there exist two ecological cycles of the hydatidosis: the domestic cycle frequently found in countries with sheep and cattle farming, and sylvatic cycle involving feral carnivores and wild herbivores (Carmena & Cardona, 2014 Otero-Abad & Torgerson, 2013). granulosus life cycle is relied on the ecological interactions between domestic/wild canid populations (definitive hosts) and ungulates (intermediate hosts) in the natural environment. Being a cyclozoonosis, the continuity of the E. Also, it is estimated that US$ 3 billion is considered for case treatment and livestock losses ( Who, 2017). Based on slaughterhouse investigations, the animal prevalence rates in hyperendemic areas ranges from 20 % Iran is considered as an endemic area for CE in the Middle East region, specifically owing to traditional animal husbandry and availability of abattoir wastes to dogs ( Rokni, 2009). The endemicity of CE is appointed to various parts of the world, including South America, the Middle East, and Mediterranean zone, northeastern Africa as well as Australia (Ito & Budke, 2017 Rojas et al., 2014). granulosus) larval stage ( Cardona & Carmena, 2013 Ito & Budke, 2017 Moro, P. granulosus sensu stricto (G1-3 complex) was the prevailing genotype in all livestock samples, according to PCR-RFLP and sequencing analyses.Īs an ancient zoonotic parasitosis, cystic echinococcosis (CE) is still a landmark neglected tropical disease around the globe, rendered by Echinococcus granulosus ( E. Moreover, TaqI rendered no digestion pattern on rDNA-ITS1 region. AluI digestion yielded 800 bp and 200 bp fragments, HpaII digestion made 700 bp and 300 bp fragments and RsaI digestion entailed 655 and 345segments. RFLP analysis showed similar digestion patterns in all samples. Molecular identification of 96 hydatid cysts demonstrated a distinctive 1000 bp fragment in all samples from four animal hosts. Finally, twenty PCR products were sent for sequencing and phylogenetic tree was drawn with MEGA6. Four restriction endonucleases including AluI, HpaII, RsaI, and TaqI were used for RFLP products and enzymatic reactions were electrophoresed. The PCR was done by a primer pair (BDI and 4s) to amplify ITS1 fragment. Totally, 96 hydatid cysts were collected, including 11 buffaloes, 13 cattle, 12 goat and 60 sheep. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the genotypes of isolated hydatid cysts from slaughtered animals in Shush county, southwestern Iran. Echinococosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stages of Echinococcus spp.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |